There are many forms of illegal fishing, including fishing without a license, misreporting of catches, fishing in closed areas or with illegal gear and taking undersized fish. The EFTEC research estimates the cost of these practices in selected fish groups across five Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs): €10 billion of lost catches by 2020; €8 billion of lost stock value in 2020; and 27,000 lost jobs in the fishing and processing industries. Source: Pew Charitable Trust, 2008.